727 lines
19 KiB
Markdown
727 lines
19 KiB
Markdown
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# 小程序架构文档
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## 版本历史
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| 版本 | 日期 | 作者 | 变更说明 |
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|------|------|------|----------|
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| 1.0 | 2024-01-20 | 前端团队 | 初始版本 |
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## 1. 小程序架构概述
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### 1.1 项目背景
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本小程序是养殖管理平台的移动端应用,主要面向养殖户和经销商,提供养殖管理、交易管理、数据查看等核心功能。
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### 1.2 架构目标
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- **用户体验**:流畅的交互体验和快速的页面响应
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- **性能优化**:小程序包体积控制和运行性能优化
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- **可维护性**:清晰的代码结构和组件化开发
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- **扩展性**:支持功能模块的快速扩展
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- **稳定性**:异常处理和容错机制完善
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### 1.3 技术栈
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- **开发框架**:微信小程序原生开发
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- **开发语言**:TypeScript + JavaScript
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- **UI框架**:WeUI + 自定义组件
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- **状态管理**:MobX + 本地存储
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- **网络请求**:wx.request + 请求封装
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- **图表组件**:ECharts for 微信小程序
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- **地图服务**:腾讯地图 + 微信地图
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## 2. 系统架构设计
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### 2.1 整体架构
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```
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┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
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│ 视图层 (View) │
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│ Pages + Components │
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├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
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│ 逻辑层 (Logic) │
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│ Service + Store + Utils │
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├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
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│ 数据层 (Data) │
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│ API + Storage + Cache │
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├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
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│ 微信小程序框架 │
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│ WeChat Mini Program │
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└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
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```
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### 2.2 目录结构
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```
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mini-program/
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├── pages/ # 页面目录
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│ ├── index/ # 首页
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│ ├── farm/ # 养殖管理
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│ ├── trade/ # 交易管理
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│ ├── profile/ # 个人中心
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│ └── ...
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├── components/ # 组件目录
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│ ├── common/ # 通用组件
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│ ├── business/ # 业务组件
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│ └── charts/ # 图表组件
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├── services/ # 服务层
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│ ├── api/ # API接口
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│ ├── auth/ # 认证服务
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│ └── storage/ # 存储服务
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├── stores/ # 状态管理
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│ ├── user.ts # 用户状态
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│ ├── farm.ts # 养殖状态
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│ └── trade.ts # 交易状态
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├── utils/ # 工具函数
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│ ├── request.ts # 网络请求
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│ ├── validator.ts # 数据验证
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│ └── formatter.ts # 数据格式化
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├── styles/ # 样式文件
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│ ├── common.wxss # 通用样式
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│ └── variables.wxss # 样式变量
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├── static/ # 静态资源
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│ ├── images/ # 图片资源
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│ └── icons/ # 图标资源
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├── app.ts # 应用入口
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├── app.json # 应用配置
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├── app.wxss # 全局样式
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└── project.config.json # 项目配置
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```
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## 3. 核心模块设计
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### 3.1 用户认证模块
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**功能**: 微信授权登录、用户信息管理、权限控制
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**核心组件**:
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- **登录页面**: 微信授权登录界面
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- **用户信息**: 用户资料展示和编辑
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- **权限管理**: 基于角色的功能权限控制
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**实现方案**:
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```typescript
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// 用户认证服务
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class AuthService {
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// 微信登录
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async wxLogin(): Promise<LoginResult> {
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const { code } = await wx.login();
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const { userInfo } = await wx.getUserProfile({
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desc: '用于完善用户资料'
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});
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return this.apiLogin(code, userInfo);
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}
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// API登录
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async apiLogin(code: string, userInfo: any): Promise<LoginResult> {
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const response = await request.post('/auth/wx-login', {
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code,
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userInfo
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});
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if (response.success) {
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await this.setToken(response.data.token);
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await this.setUserInfo(response.data.user);
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}
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return response;
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}
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}
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```
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### 3.2 养殖管理模块
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**功能**: 养殖场管理、动物管理、数据统计
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**核心页面**:
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- **养殖场列表**: 展示用户的养殖场信息
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- **养殖场详情**: 养殖场详细信息和管理功能
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- **动物管理**: 动物档案、健康记录、生长数据
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- **数据统计**: 养殖数据图表和分析报告
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**状态管理**:
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```typescript
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// 养殖状态管理
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class FarmStore {
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@observable farms: Farm[] = [];
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@observable currentFarm: Farm | null = null;
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@observable animals: Animal[] = [];
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@action
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async loadFarms() {
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const response = await farmService.getFarms();
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if (response.success) {
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this.farms = response.data;
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}
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}
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@action
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async selectFarm(farmId: string) {
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const farm = this.farms.find(f => f.id === farmId);
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this.currentFarm = farm || null;
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if (farm) {
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await this.loadAnimals(farmId);
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}
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}
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}
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```
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### 3.3 交易管理模块
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**功能**: 订单管理、支付管理、物流跟踪
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**核心页面**:
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- **商品列表**: 展示可交易的商品信息
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- **订单管理**: 订单创建、查看、状态跟踪
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- **支付页面**: 微信支付集成
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- **物流跟踪**: 订单物流信息查看
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**支付集成**:
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```typescript
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// 支付服务
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class PaymentService {
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async wxPay(orderId: string): Promise<PaymentResult> {
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// 1. 获取支付参数
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const payParams = await this.getPayParams(orderId);
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// 2. 调起微信支付
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return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
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wx.requestPayment({
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...payParams,
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success: (res) => {
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resolve({ success: true, data: res });
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},
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fail: (err) => {
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reject({ success: false, error: err });
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}
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});
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});
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}
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}
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```
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### 3.4 数据可视化模块
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**功能**: 图表展示、数据分析、报表生成
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**图表组件**:
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- **折线图**: 展示趋势数据
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- **柱状图**: 展示对比数据
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- **饼图**: 展示占比数据
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- **仪表盘**: 展示关键指标
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**ECharts集成**:
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```typescript
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// 图表组件
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Component({
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properties: {
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chartData: Object,
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chartType: String
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},
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data: {
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ec: null
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},
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ready() {
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this.initChart();
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},
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methods: {
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initChart() {
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this.createSelectorQuery()
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.select('#chart')
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.fields({ node: true, size: true })
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.exec((res) => {
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const canvas = res[0].node;
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const ctx = canvas.getContext('2d');
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canvas.width = res[0].width * dpr;
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canvas.height = res[0].height * dpr;
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ctx.scale(dpr, dpr);
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echarts.setCanvasCreator(() => canvas);
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const chart = echarts.init(canvas, null, {
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width: res[0].width,
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height: res[0].height,
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devicePixelRatio: dpr
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});
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chart.setOption(this.getChartOption());
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this.setData({ ec: { chart } });
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});
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}
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}
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});
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```
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## 4. 网络层设计
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### 4.1 请求封装
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```typescript
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// 网络请求封装
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class RequestService {
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private baseURL = 'https://api.example.com';
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private timeout = 10000;
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async request(options: RequestOptions): Promise<ApiResponse> {
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const token = await storage.getToken();
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return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
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wx.request({
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url: `${this.baseURL}${options.url}`,
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method: options.method || 'GET',
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data: options.data,
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header: {
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'Content-Type': 'application/json',
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'Authorization': token ? `Bearer ${token}` : '',
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...options.header
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},
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timeout: this.timeout,
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success: (res) => {
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if (res.statusCode === 200) {
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resolve(res.data);
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} else {
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this.handleError(res);
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reject(res);
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}
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},
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fail: (err) => {
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this.handleError(err);
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reject(err);
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}
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});
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});
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}
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private handleError(error: any) {
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console.error('Request error:', error);
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// 统一错误处理
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if (error.statusCode === 401) {
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// Token过期,跳转登录
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this.redirectToLogin();
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} else if (error.statusCode >= 500) {
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// 服务器错误
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wx.showToast({
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title: '服务器错误,请稍后重试',
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icon: 'none'
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});
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}
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}
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}
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```
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### 4.2 API接口管理
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```typescript
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// API接口定义
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class ApiService {
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// 用户相关接口
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user = {
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login: (data: LoginData) => request.post('/auth/login', data),
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profile: () => request.get('/user/profile'),
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updateProfile: (data: UserProfile) => request.put('/user/profile', data)
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};
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// 养殖相关接口
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farm = {
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list: (params: FarmListParams) => request.get('/farms', params),
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detail: (id: string) => request.get(`/farms/${id}`),
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create: (data: FarmData) => request.post('/farms', data),
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update: (id: string, data: FarmData) => request.put(`/farms/${id}`, data)
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};
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// 交易相关接口
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trade = {
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orders: (params: OrderListParams) => request.get('/orders', params),
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createOrder: (data: OrderData) => request.post('/orders', data),
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payOrder: (orderId: string) => request.post(`/orders/${orderId}/pay`)
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};
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}
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```
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## 5. 数据存储设计
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### 5.1 本地存储策略
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```typescript
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// 存储服务
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class StorageService {
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// 同步存储
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setSync(key: string, value: any): void {
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try {
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wx.setStorageSync(key, JSON.stringify(value));
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} catch (error) {
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console.error('Storage set error:', error);
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}
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}
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|
getSync(key: string): any {
|
|||
|
|
try {
|
|||
|
|
const value = wx.getStorageSync(key);
|
|||
|
|
return value ? JSON.parse(value) : null;
|
|||
|
|
} catch (error) {
|
|||
|
|
console.error('Storage get error:', error);
|
|||
|
|
return null;
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
// 异步存储
|
|||
|
|
async set(key: string, value: any): Promise<void> {
|
|||
|
|
return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
|
|||
|
|
wx.setStorage({
|
|||
|
|
key,
|
|||
|
|
data: JSON.stringify(value),
|
|||
|
|
success: resolve,
|
|||
|
|
fail: reject
|
|||
|
|
});
|
|||
|
|
});
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
async get(key: string): Promise<any> {
|
|||
|
|
return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
|
|||
|
|
wx.getStorage({
|
|||
|
|
key,
|
|||
|
|
success: (res) => {
|
|||
|
|
try {
|
|||
|
|
resolve(JSON.parse(res.data));
|
|||
|
|
} catch (error) {
|
|||
|
|
resolve(res.data);
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
},
|
|||
|
|
fail: () => resolve(null)
|
|||
|
|
});
|
|||
|
|
});
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
```
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
### 5.2 缓存管理
|
|||
|
|
```typescript
|
|||
|
|
// 缓存管理
|
|||
|
|
class CacheService {
|
|||
|
|
private cache = new Map<string, CacheItem>();
|
|||
|
|
private defaultTTL = 5 * 60 * 1000; // 5分钟
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
set(key: string, value: any, ttl?: number): void {
|
|||
|
|
const expireTime = Date.now() + (ttl || this.defaultTTL);
|
|||
|
|
this.cache.set(key, {
|
|||
|
|
value,
|
|||
|
|
expireTime
|
|||
|
|
});
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
get(key: string): any {
|
|||
|
|
const item = this.cache.get(key);
|
|||
|
|
if (!item) return null;
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
if (Date.now() > item.expireTime) {
|
|||
|
|
this.cache.delete(key);
|
|||
|
|
return null;
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
return item.value;
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
clear(): void {
|
|||
|
|
this.cache.clear();
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
```
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
## 6. 组件化设计
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
### 6.1 通用组件
|
|||
|
|
```typescript
|
|||
|
|
// 列表组件
|
|||
|
|
Component({
|
|||
|
|
properties: {
|
|||
|
|
items: Array,
|
|||
|
|
loading: Boolean,
|
|||
|
|
hasMore: Boolean
|
|||
|
|
},
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
data: {
|
|||
|
|
refreshing: false
|
|||
|
|
},
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
methods: {
|
|||
|
|
onRefresh() {
|
|||
|
|
this.setData({ refreshing: true });
|
|||
|
|
this.triggerEvent('refresh');
|
|||
|
|
},
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
onLoadMore() {
|
|||
|
|
if (!this.data.loading && this.data.hasMore) {
|
|||
|
|
this.triggerEvent('loadmore');
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
},
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
onItemTap(e: any) {
|
|||
|
|
const { item, index } = e.currentTarget.dataset;
|
|||
|
|
this.triggerEvent('itemtap', { item, index });
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
});
|
|||
|
|
```
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
### 6.2 业务组件
|
|||
|
|
```typescript
|
|||
|
|
// 养殖场卡片组件
|
|||
|
|
Component({
|
|||
|
|
properties: {
|
|||
|
|
farm: Object
|
|||
|
|
},
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
methods: {
|
|||
|
|
onTap() {
|
|||
|
|
const { farm } = this.properties;
|
|||
|
|
wx.navigateTo({
|
|||
|
|
url: `/pages/farm/detail?id=${farm.id}`
|
|||
|
|
});
|
|||
|
|
},
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
onEdit() {
|
|||
|
|
const { farm } = this.properties;
|
|||
|
|
this.triggerEvent('edit', { farm });
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
});
|
|||
|
|
```
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
## 7. 性能优化
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
### 7.1 包体积优化
|
|||
|
|
- **代码分包**: 使用小程序分包加载
|
|||
|
|
- **图片优化**: 使用WebP格式,压缩图片大小
|
|||
|
|
- **代码压缩**: 启用代码压缩和混淆
|
|||
|
|
- **按需加载**: 组件和页面按需加载
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
### 7.2 运行时优化
|
|||
|
|
- **数据预加载**: 关键数据提前加载
|
|||
|
|
- **图片懒加载**: 长列表图片懒加载
|
|||
|
|
- **防抖节流**: 频繁操作防抖节流处理
|
|||
|
|
- **内存管理**: 及时清理不用的数据和监听器
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
### 7.3 渲染优化
|
|||
|
|
```typescript
|
|||
|
|
// 长列表优化
|
|||
|
|
Component({
|
|||
|
|
data: {
|
|||
|
|
visibleItems: [],
|
|||
|
|
scrollTop: 0
|
|||
|
|
},
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
methods: {
|
|||
|
|
onScroll(e: any) {
|
|||
|
|
const { scrollTop } = e.detail;
|
|||
|
|
this.updateVisibleItems(scrollTop);
|
|||
|
|
},
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
updateVisibleItems(scrollTop: number) {
|
|||
|
|
const itemHeight = 100;
|
|||
|
|
const containerHeight = 600;
|
|||
|
|
const startIndex = Math.floor(scrollTop / itemHeight);
|
|||
|
|
const endIndex = startIndex + Math.ceil(containerHeight / itemHeight) + 1;
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
const visibleItems = this.data.allItems.slice(startIndex, endIndex);
|
|||
|
|
this.setData({ visibleItems });
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
});
|
|||
|
|
```
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
## 8. 错误处理
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
### 8.1 全局错误处理
|
|||
|
|
```typescript
|
|||
|
|
// 应用级错误处理
|
|||
|
|
App({
|
|||
|
|
onError(error: string) {
|
|||
|
|
console.error('App Error:', error);
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
// 错误上报
|
|||
|
|
this.reportError(error);
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
// 用户提示
|
|||
|
|
wx.showToast({
|
|||
|
|
title: '程序出现异常',
|
|||
|
|
icon: 'none'
|
|||
|
|
});
|
|||
|
|
},
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
onUnhandledRejection(res: any) {
|
|||
|
|
console.error('Unhandled Promise Rejection:', res);
|
|||
|
|
this.reportError(res.reason);
|
|||
|
|
},
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
reportError(error: any) {
|
|||
|
|
// 上报错误到服务器
|
|||
|
|
wx.request({
|
|||
|
|
url: 'https://api.example.com/errors',
|
|||
|
|
method: 'POST',
|
|||
|
|
data: {
|
|||
|
|
error: error.toString(),
|
|||
|
|
stack: error.stack,
|
|||
|
|
timestamp: Date.now(),
|
|||
|
|
userAgent: wx.getSystemInfoSync()
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
});
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
});
|
|||
|
|
```
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
### 8.2 页面级错误处理
|
|||
|
|
```typescript
|
|||
|
|
// 页面错误处理
|
|||
|
|
Page({
|
|||
|
|
data: {
|
|||
|
|
error: null,
|
|||
|
|
loading: false
|
|||
|
|
},
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
async onLoad() {
|
|||
|
|
try {
|
|||
|
|
this.setData({ loading: true });
|
|||
|
|
await this.loadData();
|
|||
|
|
} catch (error) {
|
|||
|
|
this.handleError(error);
|
|||
|
|
} finally {
|
|||
|
|
this.setData({ loading: false });
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
},
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
handleError(error: any) {
|
|||
|
|
console.error('Page Error:', error);
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
this.setData({
|
|||
|
|
error: {
|
|||
|
|
message: error.message || '加载失败',
|
|||
|
|
code: error.code
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
});
|
|||
|
|
},
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
onRetry() {
|
|||
|
|
this.setData({ error: null });
|
|||
|
|
this.onLoad();
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
});
|
|||
|
|
```
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
## 9. 安全设计
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
### 9.1 数据安全
|
|||
|
|
- **敏感数据加密**: 本地存储敏感数据加密
|
|||
|
|
- **传输安全**: HTTPS传输,防止中间人攻击
|
|||
|
|
- **输入验证**: 严格验证用户输入数据
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
### 9.2 权限控制
|
|||
|
|
```typescript
|
|||
|
|
// 权限检查
|
|||
|
|
class PermissionService {
|
|||
|
|
async checkPermission(permission: string): Promise<boolean> {
|
|||
|
|
const userInfo = await storage.get('userInfo');
|
|||
|
|
if (!userInfo || !userInfo.permissions) {
|
|||
|
|
return false;
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
return userInfo.permissions.includes(permission);
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
async requirePermission(permission: string): Promise<void> {
|
|||
|
|
const hasPermission = await this.checkPermission(permission);
|
|||
|
|
if (!hasPermission) {
|
|||
|
|
throw new Error('权限不足');
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
```
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
## 10. 测试策略
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
### 10.1 单元测试
|
|||
|
|
```typescript
|
|||
|
|
// 工具函数测试
|
|||
|
|
describe('Validator', () => {
|
|||
|
|
test('should validate phone number', () => {
|
|||
|
|
expect(validator.isPhone('13800138000')).toBe(true);
|
|||
|
|
expect(validator.isPhone('1380013800')).toBe(false);
|
|||
|
|
});
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
test('should validate email', () => {
|
|||
|
|
expect(validator.isEmail('test@example.com')).toBe(true);
|
|||
|
|
expect(validator.isEmail('invalid-email')).toBe(false);
|
|||
|
|
});
|
|||
|
|
});
|
|||
|
|
```
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
### 10.2 集成测试
|
|||
|
|
- **API测试**: 测试与后端API的集成
|
|||
|
|
- **支付测试**: 测试微信支付流程
|
|||
|
|
- **授权测试**: 测试微信授权登录
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
### 10.3 用户体验测试
|
|||
|
|
- **真机测试**: 在不同设备上测试
|
|||
|
|
- **网络测试**: 测试不同网络环境下的表现
|
|||
|
|
- **性能测试**: 测试页面加载和响应性能
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
## 11. 发布与运维
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
### 11.1 版本管理
|
|||
|
|
- **版本号规范**: 遵循语义化版本号
|
|||
|
|
- **发布流程**: 开发 → 测试 → 预发布 → 正式发布
|
|||
|
|
- **回滚机制**: 支持快速回滚到上一版本
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
### 11.2 监控告警
|
|||
|
|
- **性能监控**: 监控页面加载时间和API响应时间
|
|||
|
|
- **错误监控**: 监控JavaScript错误和API错误
|
|||
|
|
- **用户行为**: 统计用户使用行为和路径
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
### 11.3 数据统计
|
|||
|
|
```typescript
|
|||
|
|
// 埋点统计
|
|||
|
|
class AnalyticsService {
|
|||
|
|
track(event: string, properties?: any) {
|
|||
|
|
const data = {
|
|||
|
|
event,
|
|||
|
|
properties: {
|
|||
|
|
...properties,
|
|||
|
|
timestamp: Date.now(),
|
|||
|
|
page: getCurrentPages().pop()?.route
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
};
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
// 发送统计数据
|
|||
|
|
wx.request({
|
|||
|
|
url: 'https://analytics.example.com/track',
|
|||
|
|
method: 'POST',
|
|||
|
|
data
|
|||
|
|
});
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
trackPageView(page: string) {
|
|||
|
|
this.track('page_view', { page });
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
trackUserAction(action: string, target?: string) {
|
|||
|
|
this.track('user_action', { action, target });
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
```
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
## 12. 扩展性设计
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
### 12.1 插件化架构
|
|||
|
|
- **功能模块**: 支持功能模块的插拔
|
|||
|
|
- **主题系统**: 支持多主题切换
|
|||
|
|
- **配置化**: 支持功能开关配置
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
### 12.2 多端适配
|
|||
|
|
- **响应式设计**: 适配不同屏幕尺寸
|
|||
|
|
- **平台兼容**: 兼容不同版本的微信客户端
|
|||
|
|
- **设备适配**: 适配不同性能的设备
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
## 13. 未来规划
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
### 13.1 技术升级
|
|||
|
|
- **框架升级**: 考虑使用Taro等跨端框架
|
|||
|
|
- **TypeScript**: 全面使用TypeScript开发
|
|||
|
|
- **组件库**: 构建统一的组件库
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
### 13.2 功能扩展
|
|||
|
|
- **离线功能**: 支持离线数据查看
|
|||
|
|
- **实时通信**: 集成WebSocket实时通信
|
|||
|
|
- **AI功能**: 集成AI智能分析功能
|